Bioremediation and Phytoremediation Using Mixed Inoculation with Bacteria and Fungi to Remove Contaminated Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Soil.

Abstract

 Phytoremediation and Bioremediation is one of the best methods used in treating soils polluted with petroleum hydrocarbons. It was used in the treatment of large areas of soils contaminated with crude oil inside and outside polluted sites. Soil samples contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons were taken depending on the percentages of their total contaminated concentrations, which belong to three out of eight oil sites whose soils are contaminated with crude oil, which are West Qurna1 with heavy oil, Nahran Omar soil with light oil, and Al Zubair site with light oil. The three soils with total concentrations in a ratio of 1:1 polluted soil and unpolluted agricultural soil were inoculated with the efficiency of bacterial isolate of Pseudomonas fluorescens and fungal isolate of Aspergillus flovus based on the biodegradation process in the laboratory in liquid media. It was found that the mixed pollination in agricultural treatments when cultivating yellow corn plant in the bioremediation process between bacterial and fungal isolates is the best in removing the remaining petroleum hydrocarbon pollutants in the soil.